Kedaulatan [Tidak Lagi] di tangan Rakyat
David Efendi
Buku Bruce Jones (2008) sebagai buku yang membincang makna kedaulatan pasca serangan WTC 9/11 membuka dan memaksa mata dunia untuk menafsirkan ulang arti kedaulatan. Jika dulu teori yang kita kenal kedaulatan selalu dihubungan dengan teritorial dengan sifatnya yang utuh dan tidak terpisah. Di Indonesia jelas di sebutkan bahwa kedaulatan berada di tangan rakyat sementara rakyat sendiri terkotak dan dikotakkan menjadi banyak kelompok oleh negara baik secara langsung atau tidak pembelahan sosial itu meluluhlantakkan kedaulatan. Kesenjangan ekonomi antara rakyat satu dengan lainnya, kesenjangan kota desa, etnis, agama, dan setrusnya akan mengancam utuhnya kedaulatan. Hal ini diperparah oleh lepasnya batas satu negara dengan negara lain akibat perdagangan bebas dan tekhnologi internet.
Kedaulatan, mengacu pada Jones, Kant, Smith, Fukuyama, merupakan persoalan bagaimana negara mencukupi kebutuhan minimal rakyatnya dari segi ekonomi (sandang, pangan, papan, pendidikan, keamanan) dan juga bidang politik (demokrasi, kebebasan dan partisipasi), serta pemerintahan( keterlibatan rakyat dalam pengambilan kebijakan). Jika kebutuhan dasar ini tidak dicapai oleh negara maka keputusasaan rakyat itu akan mengancam negara lain dalam bentuk trans national terrorism. Ini adalah bagian dari kesimpulan buku Jones tersebut. Sementara Fukuyama menenakankan kepada pentingnya peran negara dalam skop yang penting-penting saja dan Kant menghendaki perdamaian (wordl order) international melalui kesepakatan atau perjanjian.
Dalamm kontek Indonesia pasca MPR disejajarkan dengan lembaga tinggi negara (bukan tertinggi), secara langsung merubah makna kedaulatan yang dulunya disebutkan berada ditangan rakyat dan dilakukan sepenuhnya melalui MPR dalam memilih presiden atau membuat Undang-undang (ketetapan, merevisi UUD). Kini kedaulatan itu kita pertanyakan dimana posisinya jika tidak diwakili MPR. Kelemahan mendasar jika kedaulatan di tangan DPR maka yang ada adalah kepentingan partai politik sementara parpol adalah lembaga terkorup (TI, 2008), jika kedaulatan rakyat diwakilkan ke hukum (MA, MK, KPK) maka masih ada sedikit harapan meski kasus besar tidak pernah terselesaikan bahkan terkesan diabaikan oleh penguasa.
Kedaulatan lain yang hilang adalah kedaulatan pangan, keamanan, dan pemerintahan. Ketiga kedaulatan ini akan kita uraikan satu persatu sebagai satu kesatuan sekaligus indikator mengenai kuat lemahnya, gagal dan suksesnya sebuah pembangunan bangsa (nation state building). Pertama, sejak 10 tahun lalu kedaulatan pangan berada dalam ancaman besar akibat kenakalan para penimpor pangan yang membabi buta. Produk lokal dihancurkan oleh standar harga international yang dimurahkan. Para kapitalis pengimpor beras, kedelai, jagung ditarif hampir nol rupiah sehingga harga di Indonesia jatuh tersungkur. Rakyat petani sekarat hanya diberi BLT 300-600 ribu setelah dicekik dengan harga kenaikan BBM tahun 2005.
Kedua, kedaulatan rasa aman. Kekerasan dipraktikkan dengan terang-terangan. Orang dibunuh di depan pengadilan, orang meninggal di depan istana presiden, dan antri BLT plus zakat. Ini negara sudah angkat kaki dari fungsinya menyesiakan keamanan bagi semua rakyatnya tanpa kecuali. Kasus lainnya, perburuan terrorisme, penangkapan tanpa bukti dan pendadilan, juga kejahatan FPI(front pembela Islam) atas kedok agama yang dibiarkan pemerintah. Banyak korban berjatuhan tetapi negara tutup telinga dan matanya.
Terakhir, kedualatan pemerintahan. Saya 500 % yakin pemerintah kita memerintah atas kendali kelompok kepentingan baik lokal, nasional, atau kepentingan international. Kita menengarai ini erjadi semenjak dikudetanya Sukarno yang melibatkan CIA, dan Inggris lalu memuluskan kontrak karya kekayaan surga di Papua sampai sekarang. Gunung sudah menjadi jurang dalam, lautan sudah menjadi keruh, dan bumi Indonesia dihisap minyaknya. Kepentingan kapitalis tetap menyetir penguasa Indonesia sampai sekarang. Ini menjadikan kita psimis bahwa pemerintahan demokrasi akan berbagi kemakmuran untuk semua. BLT hanyalah sebiji pasir di lautan yang diberikan negara kepada rakyatnya. Negara lupa bahwa pemilik kedaulatan sesungguhnya adalah rakyat karena Indonesia ini negara republik. Tetapi konsep republik tidak artinya bagi penguasa yang bersekongkol dengan pengusaha dan kapitalis global.
Desentralisasi dan otoda adalah pengkebirian terhadap kedaulatan itu sendiri meski dirasionalkan dengan berbagai cara agar rakyat yakin bahwa otoda akan mendekatkan kesejahteraan untuk rakyat di daerah. Salah besar! Era desentralisasi hanya upaya pengkotaan orang daerah agar tidak melakukan perlawanan secara nasional terhadap kebobrokan pemerintahan, agar rakyat daerah berperang melawan kepala daerahnya, antar desa, dan kecmatan saja. Sementara, dalam waktu yang sama negara dan kapitalis global terus memperkaya diri, menjual murah kekayaan alam, bumi, dan isi perut Indonesia. Benar, pemerintah memberi kebebasan berekspresi, tapi suara ‘kebenaran’ tetap diabaikan. Isyarat langit melalui bencana alam, hilang menguap tanpa makna, tanpa perubahan.
Arti dari semua ini adalah bahwa kedaulatan kita hilang dengan sempurna, jika negara melepaskan tanggung jawabnya!
Truly quite a lot of terrific facts.
https://www.visitwaushara.com/
medical information online
online pharmacies of canada
canada pharmacies prescription drugs
[url=https://www.lunarciel.com//]trust pharmacy canada[/url]
Really tons of excellent knowledge.
https://www.visitwaushara.com/
safe canadian online pharmacies
trust pharmacy canada
canadian prescriptions
[url=https://www.dunamisproductions.com//]canadian pharmacy online[/url]
Appreciate it! Numerous information!
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
online pharmacies no prescription
canada drugs
canadian pharmacy
[url=https://www.visitwaushara.com//]canadian pharmaceuticals online[/url]
Cheers! I appreciate this!
https://www.visitwaushara.com/
pharmacy cost comparison
top rated canadian pharmacies online
drug stores near me
[url=https://www.visitwaushara.com//]canadian pharmacies that ship to us[/url]
Many thanks, An abundance of facts.
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
mexican pharmacies online
canadian pharmacies online
canadian pharmacies shipping to usa
[url=https://www.waltcoexpress.com//]canadian pharmacies-24h[/url]
Valuable knowledge. Appreciate it!
https://www.visitwaushara.com/
discount drugs online pharmacy
canadian pharmacies online
canadian drugstore online
[url=https://www.lunarciel.com//]canadian pharcharmy[/url]
You actually mentioned this really well.
https://www.lunarciel.com/
prescription drug cost
northwest pharmacy
online pharmacy
[url=https://www.lunarciel.com//]canada drug[/url]
This is nicely expressed! !
https://www.lunarciel.com/
canadian online pharmacy
canadian pharmacies without an rx
canadian online pharmacies prescription drugs
[url=https://www.lunarciel.com//]north west pharmacy canada[/url]
Really plenty of good info!
https://www.lunarciel.com/
online rx pharmacy
canadian viagra
cialis canadian pharmacy
[url=https://www.lunarciel.com//]northwestpharmacy[/url]
With thanks. I appreciate this!
https://www.visitwaushara.com/
canadian prescriptions
canadian pharmacies that ship to us
discount pharmacy
[url=https://www.visitwaushara.com//]canada pharmaceutical online ordering[/url]
Thanks, Good information.
https://www.lunarciel.com/
northwest pharmacy canada
canada pharmaceutical online ordering
cheap canadian drugs
[url=https://www.visitwaushara.com//]canadian online pharmacies[/url]
Nicely put, Many thanks!
https://www.dunamisproductions.com/
canadian prescription drugs
canadian online pharmacies
canadian drug store
[url=https://www.lunarciel.com//]canada drug[/url]
Truly many of great material.
https://www.waltcoexpress.com/
highest rated canadian pharmacies
online pharmacies of canada
discount prescription drug
[url=https://www.lunarciel.com//]canadian pharmacies[/url]
Whoa tons of valuable info!
https://www.dunamisproductions.com/
online rx pharmacy
online pharmacies canada
trusted overseas pharmacies
[url=https://www.interlandchemie.com//]canadianpharmacy[/url]
Awesome posts. Appreciate it!
https://www.lunarciel.com/
canadian pharma companies
northwest pharmacy
mexican pharmacies shipping to usa
[url=https://www.visitwaushara.com//]global pharmacy canada[/url]
Helpful info. With thanks!
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
online pharmacy reviews
canada drug
canada drug pharmacy
[url=https://www.waltcoexpress.com//]canada drugs[/url]
Superb stuff. Thank you!
https://www.lunarciel.com/
cheap canadian drugs
top rated canadian pharmacies online
top rated online canadian pharmacies
[url=https://www.lunarciel.com//]canada pharmacy online[/url]
Thanks, Fantastic information!
https://www.visitwaushara.com/
trust pharmacy canada
online pharmacies canada
rx price comparison
[url=https://www.lunarciel.com//]top rated canadian pharmacies online[/url]
Really loads of good information.
https://www.lunarciel.com/
pharmacy cost comparison
canadian pharmacies online
candrugstore com
[url=https://www.dunamisproductions.com//]canadian online pharmacies[/url]
Fantastic content. Thanks!
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
canada online pharmacy
canadian pharmacies that ship to us
discount pharmaceuticals
[url=https://www.waltcoexpress.com//]canadian cialis[/url]
You expressed this well!
https://www.waltcoexpress.com/
canadian viagra
canadianpharmacy
pharmacy prices
[url=https://www.lunarciel.com//]mexican pharmacies shipping to usa[/url]
You have made your stand very effectively.!
https://www.visitwaushara.com/
mexican pharmacies
canada pharmaceutical online ordering
international pharmacy
[url=https://www.interlandchemie.com//]aarp approved canadian online pharmacies[/url]
You said it adequately..
https://www.waltcoexpress.com/
canadian prescription
canada drugs
canada pharmacy online
[url=https://www.visitwaushara.com//]canada pharmaceuticals online[/url]
Many thanks! I appreciate this!
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
compare rx prices
canada pharmacy online
walmart pharmacy price check
[url=https://www.waltcoexpress.com//]canadian pharmacy online[/url]
This is nicely said! .
https://www.lunarciel.com/
mail order pharmacy
top rated canadian pharmacies online
pharmacy cost comparison
[url=https://www.visitwaushara.com//]canadian cialis[/url]
Nicely put, Thanks a lot.
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
costco pharmacy pricing
trust pharmacy canada
canadian online pharmacies
[url=https://www.interlandchemie.com//]canadian drugs[/url]
This is nicely expressed. !
https://www.waltcoexpress.com/
pharmacy price compare
canadian drugs
online pharmacy usa
[url=https://www.interlandchemie.com//]canada pharmacy[/url]
Thanks a lot! I enjoy it!
https://www.dunamisproductions.com/
cheap prescription drugs
online pharmacies canada
mexican pharmacies shipping to usa
[url=https://www.dunamisproductions.com//]canadian pharcharmy[/url]
Thanks! Ample information.
https://www.lunarciel.com/
canadian pharmacy without prescription
northwest pharmacy
no prescription online pharmacy
[url=https://www.interlandchemie.com//]canadian pharcharmy[/url]
Many thanks, Ample stuff!
https://www.lunarciel.com/
trust pharmacy canada
canada pharmacy online
drugstore online
[url=https://www.interlandchemie.com//]canada pharmaceutical online ordering[/url]
Excellent info. Thanks.
https://www.waltcoexpress.com/
canadapharmacy
canadian cialis
top rated canadian pharmacies online
[url=https://www.lunarciel.com//]canadian pharmacies-24h[/url]
Thanks, Ample write ups!
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
best price prescription drugs
canada pharmacy online
best non prescription online pharmacies
[url=https://www.waltcoexpress.com//]online pharmacies canada[/url]
Truly a lot of superb tips!
https://www.dunamisproductions.com/
prescription drugs without prior prescription
canadian online pharmacy
highest rated canadian pharmacies
[url=https://www.interlandchemie.com//]aarp approved canadian online pharmacies[/url]
Awesome facts. With thanks!
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
no prior prescription required pharmacy
mexican pharmacies shipping to usa
drug prices comparison
[url=https://www.interlandchemie.com//]northwestpharmacy[/url]
Regards. An abundance of postings!
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
prescription drugs prices
canada pharmaceuticals online
canada pharmacy online no script
[url=https://www.lunarciel.com//]canada drugs[/url]
Nicely put. Kudos!
https://www.dunamisproductions.com/
canada drugs online pharmacy
canada pharmaceuticals online
best canadian online pharmacy
[url=https://www.dunamisproductions.com//]canada drugs online[/url]
Thank you, I value this!
https://www.visitwaushara.com/
pharmacies near me
northwestpharmacy
prescription online
[url=https://www.dunamisproductions.com//]canada drugs[/url]
Fantastic tips. Kudos!
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
drug prices comparison
canada pharmacy
drugstore online
[url=https://www.dunamisproductions.com//]canadian pharmacy[/url]
You expressed that effectively.
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
pharmacy price comparison
canada pharmaceutical online ordering
canadian drugstore online
[url=https://www.interlandchemie.com//]canadian drugs[/url]
Many thanks! I enjoy it!
https://www.lunarciel.com/
no prescription pharmacy
trust pharmacy canada
online canadian pharmacy
[url=https://www.interlandchemie.com//]canadian drugs[/url]
Many thanks, I like this.
https://www.dunamisproductions.com/
prescription drugs without doctor approval
north west pharmacy canada
mexican pharmacy online medications
[url=https://www.dunamisproductions.com//]north west pharmacy canada[/url]
You suggested that well!
https://www.visitwaushara.com/
canadian meds
canadian pharmacy online
legitimate online pharmacies
[url=https://www.dunamisproductions.com//]canadian pharmacies online[/url]
Cheers, Lots of advice.
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
canadian pharmacies
online pharmacies of canada
online rx pharmacy
[url=https://www.visitwaushara.com//]canadian pharcharmy[/url]
You actually revealed this perfectly.
https://www.visitwaushara.com/
canadapharmacy
canadian pharcharmy
online drugstore
[url=https://www.interlandchemie.com//]global pharmacy canada[/url]
Wow a lot of superb knowledge!
https://www.waltcoexpress.com/
canadian pharmacy
trust pharmacy canada
top rated online canadian pharmacies
[url=https://www.visitwaushara.com//]canadian pharmacies online[/url]
You said it adequately..
https://www.waltcoexpress.com/
canada drugs
canadian online pharmacy
discount prescription drugs online
[url=https://www.dunamisproductions.com//]mexican pharmacies shipping to usa[/url]
With thanks! Good stuff!
https://www.waltcoexpress.com/
online canadian pharmacy
canada pharmacy
prescription drugs without prior prescription
[url=https://www.waltcoexpress.com//]canadian pharmacies[/url]
Cheers. I like it.
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
online pharmacy reviews
canada pharmacy
ed meds online
[url=https://www.waltcoexpress.com//]canada drugs online[/url]
Kudos, A lot of info!
https://www.interlandchemie.com/
medication costs
canadian pharmacies without an rx
buy cialis
[url=https://www.interlandchemie.com//]canadian pharmacies that ship to us[/url]
Regards, Loads of tips!
http://talahicc.com/
prescription drugs prices
top rated canadian pharmacies online
pharmacy online mexico
[url=http://canadianpharmaciesnnm.com//]canada drug[/url]
Truly all kinds of beneficial facts.
http://talahicc.com/
pharmacies in canada
canadian pharmacies-24h
drug prices comparison
[url=http://canadianpharmacyntx.com//]canada drugs online[/url]
Position effectively taken!!
http://canadianpharmacysilo.com/
canadian pharmacy 365
canadian drugs
pharmacy tech
[url=http://canadianpharmacyntx.com//]canadian pharmacy online[/url]
Whoa tons of helpful tips.
http://canadianpharmaciescubarx.com/
best canadian prescription prices
canadian pharmacies online
canadianpharmacy
[url=http://canadianpharmacymim.com//]north west pharmacy canada[/url]
Very good posts. Kudos!
https://nicktambone.com/
canadian meds
online pharmacies of canada
canada online pharmacies
[url=http://canadianpharmacymim.com//]canada drugs online[/url]
Cheers! Ample data!
http://canadianpharmacyntx.com/
online drugstore
canadian pharmacies that ship to us
prescription drug
[url=http://canadianpharmaciesnnm.com//]canadian pharmacies[/url]
Regards. Helpful information.
https://nicktambone.com/
canada pharmacies without script
canada pharmaceuticals online
drug costs
[url=http://www.canadianpharmacymsn.com//]canada drugs online[/url]
Amazing many of superb advice.
http://canadianpharmacysilo.com/
online pharmacy without a prescription
canada pharmacy
highest rated canadian pharmacies
[url=http://www.canadianpharmacymsn.com//]canada online pharmacies[/url]
Terrific info. Thanks a lot.
http://canadianpharmaciesnnm.com/
pharmacy online mexico
north west pharmacy canada
visit poster’s website
[url=http://canadianonlinepharmacynnm.com//]canada pharmaceuticals online[/url]
Excellent information. Cheers.
http://canadianpharmacysilo.com/
canadian cialis
canadianpharmacy
buy prescription drugs online
[url=http://canadianpharmacysilo.com//]online pharmacies of canada[/url]
Thank you. I value it!
http://canadianpharmaciescubarx.com/
best canadian pharmacies
canada pharmacy
canadian online pharmacy
[url=http://canadianpharmacyntx.com//]canadian pharmacies[/url]
This is nicely said! .
http://canadianpharmacymim.com/
pharmacy cost comparison
northwest pharmacy
mexican pharmacy online medications
[url=https://nicktambone.com//]online pharmacies canada[/url]
Thanks. Good information.
http://canadianpharmaciescubarx.com/
drug prices comparison
canada drugs
best canadian online pharmacy
[url=http://canadianpharmaciesnnm.com//]canada online pharmacies[/url]
You actually mentioned this superbly.
http://canadianpharmacymim.com/
canada drugs online
canadian pharmacies-24h
canadian online pharmacy
[url=http://canadianpharmaciesnnm.com//]canada pharmacy online[/url]
Amazing material. Kudos!
http://canadianpharmaciesnnm.com/
no 1 canadian pharcharmy online
canadian cialis
canadian pharmacy meds
[url=https://nicktambone.com//]canadian pharmacies-24h[/url]
Amazing tips. Appreciate it!
http://canadianonlinepharmacynnm.com/
cheap canadian drugs
canadian drugs
canadian online pharmacies
[url=http://canadianonlinepharmacynnm.com//]mexican pharmacies shipping to usa[/url]
You actually reported it perfectly.
https://nicktambone.com/
canadadrugs.com pharmacy
canada pharmaceuticals online
prescription drug
[url=http://www.canadianpharmacymsn.com//]global pharmacy canada[/url]
Many thanks. A good amount of postings.
http://canadianpharmacyntx.com/
discount pharmacy
online pharmacies canada
canada pharmacy
[url=http://talahicc.com//]north west pharmacy canada[/url]
Nicely put, Thanks a lot.
http://canadianpharmacymim.com/
buy prescription drugs canada
canada drugs
most reliable canadian pharmacies
[url=http://canadianpharmacyntx.com//]canadian cialis[/url]
Tips certainly considered!!
http://talahicc.com/
canadian pharmacy king
canadian pharcharmy
pharmacy prescription
[url=http://canadianpharmacymim.com//]global pharmacy canada[/url]
Thank you. Ample forum posts!
http://canadianpharmaciesnnm.com/
canadian cialis
canada drug
canada pharmacy online
[url=http://canadianpharmacysilo.com//]canadian cialis[/url]
Nicely put, Thank you!
http://canadianonlinepharmacynnm.com/
get prescription online
canada drugs
pharmacy prescription
[url=http://canadianpharmacymim.com//]top rated canadian pharmacies online[/url]
You explained it effectively.
http://canadianpharmaciesnnm.com/
canadian drugstore
canadian pharmacies that ship to us
pharmacy near me
[url=http://www.canadianpharmacymsn.com//]canadian pharmacies online[/url]
Kudos. A lot of info.
http://canadianpharmaciescubarx.com/
prescription drugs online without doctor
canadian pharmacies online
cheap canadian drugs
[url=http://canadianpharmaciesnnm.com//]global pharmacy canada[/url]
With thanks. Wonderful information!
http://talahicc.com/
no prior prescription required pharmacy
canadian pharmacies that ship to us
buy prescription drugs canada
[url=http://canadianpharmaciescubarx.com//]canadian pharmacies that ship to us[/url]
You said it very well..
http://talahicc.com/
online pharmacies
canada online pharmacies
international pharmacy
[url=http://canadianonlinepharmacynnm.com//]canadian online pharmacies[/url]
Truly a lot of good advice.
http://canadianpharmacymim.com/
canadian pharmacy uk delivery
northwest pharmacy
canadian viagra
[url=http://canadianpharmaciesnnm.com//]online pharmacies canada[/url]
Nicely voiced certainly. .
http://canadianpharmacymim.com/
buy prescription drugs from canada
northwest pharmacy
cheap canadian drugs
[url=http://www.canadianpharmacymsn.com//]canadian pharmacies that ship to us[/url]
Helpful facts. Regards!
https://nicktambone.com/
rx price comparison
canadian viagra
cheap canadian drugs
[url=http://www.canadianpharmacymsn.com//]canadian online pharmacies[/url]
Thanks. Quite a lot of data!
http://canadianpharmaciescubarx.com/
canada pharmacy online reviews
canada drug
drug prices comparison
[url=http://canadianonlinepharmacynnm.com//]aarp approved canadian online pharmacies[/url]
Thank you, I enjoy it.
http://canadianpharmacysilo.com/
pharmacy online mexico
aarp approved canadian online pharmacies
northwest pharmacy
[url=http://canadianonlinepharmacynnm.com//]canadian cialis[/url]
With thanks. An abundance of knowledge!
http://talahicc.com
online pharmacies
london drugs canada
pharmacy without dr prescriptions
[url=http://canadianpharmacymim.com]canadian online pharmacies[/url]
You reported it effectively.
http://canadianpharmaciescubarx.com
canadian online pharmacy
canadian pharmaceuticals online
discount pharmacy online
[url=http://canadianpharmacyntx.com]canadian cialis[/url]